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HRA Methods Compared for AI-Assisted Operations

Cross-method comparison of SPAR-H, IDHEAS-ECA, and ATHEANA for modelling AI-assisted operator actions.

Comparison

Dimension SPAR-H IDHEAS-ECA ATHEANA
Approach PSF multipliers Macrocognitive functions + CFMs Error-forcing contexts
Quantification Numerical (HEP) Numerical (HEP) Qualitative to semi-quantitative
AI extension path Add PSF multipliers Add AI-specific CFMs to teamwork function Add AI-related EFCs
Dependency model 5 discrete levels PIF-based Scenario-based
Handles 3-way conditional No (needs structural extension) Partially (through CFM framework) Yes (through EFC search)
Commission errors Limited Moderate Primary strength
Best suited for Screening, quantification Detailed cognitive analysis Identifying dangerous scenarios
  1. ATHEANA first: Identify which AI-related scenarios produce error-forcing contexts (which scenarios are dangerous?)
  2. IDHEAS-ECA second: Detailed cognitive failure mode analysis for the identified scenarios (how does the failure occur?)
  3. SPAR-H third: Quantification for PSA (what is the HEP?)

Key Finding

IDHEAS-ECA provides the most natural extension path because its "teamwork" macrocognitive function already models crew interaction — extending it to human-AI teaming maps onto existing structure. The distinction between cognitive failure modes and performance-influencing factors is cleaner than SPAR-H's PSF model, making it easier to add AI-specific failure modes.

All quantitative values in the walkthroughs are illustrative — no empirical nuclear AI data exists as of April 2026.