U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

The NRC is the reference regulatory framework used throughout the report series because its structure is the most detailed and publicly documented. The gaps identified are not unique to the US context.

Relevance to Nuclear AI

The NRC framework provides the regulatory structure against which AI advisory systems must be evaluated. Key regulatory instruments include 10cfr50 (nuclear power plant regulations), nureg-0700 (HFE review guidelines), and nureg-0711 (HFE engineering process).

Report 3 identifies eight gaps in the NRC framework for AI advisory systems, including the absence of LLM-specific V&V methodology, no model heterogeneity assessment process, no AI-specific HRA parameters, and no AI cybersecurity guidance addressing prompt injection.

The graded-autonomy-tiers proposed in Report 3 map AI advisory scope to NRC review depth across three tiers. The NRC independence criteria have a direct epistemic analogue: the regulatory requirement for independent verification converges with the architectural argument for model-heterogeneity from Report 2.